Physical Structure

Physical Structure

Return the value of various mathematical and physical constants.

Namespace: Imsl.Math
Assembly: ImslCS (in ImslCS.dll) Version: 6.5.2.0

Syntax

public struct Physical

Public Structure Physical

public value class Physical

[<SealedAttribute>]
type Physical =  struct end

The Physical type exposes the following members.

Constructors

	Name	Description
	Physical(Double, String)	Constructs a new Physical object and initializes this object to a double value.
	Physical(Double, Int32, Int32, Int32, Int32, Int32)	Constructs a new Physical object and initializes this object to a double value along with int values for length, mass, time, current, and temperature.

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Methods

	Name	Description
	Add	Adds two compatible Physical objects.
	CheckCompatibility	Checks the compatibility of two Physical objects.
	Constant(String)	Returns the value of a constant, given its name.
	Constant(String, String)	Returns the value of a constant, given its name, in the specified units.
	Convert	Converts a value to a different set of units.
	DefineConstant	Defines a new constant.
	DefinePrefix	Defines a new prefix.
	DefineUnit	Defines a new unit.
	Divide(Double, Physical)	Divides a double by a Physical object.
	Divide(Physical, Physical)	Divides two Physical objects.
	Divide(Physical, Double)	Divides a Physical object by a double.
	DoubleValue	Returns the value of this dimensionless object.
	Equals(Object)	Returns true if x equals this value. (Overrides ValueTypeEquals(Object).)
	Equals(Physical, Physical)	Returns true if x and y are equal.
	GetHashCode	Serves as a hash function for a particular type, suitable for use in hashing algorithms and data structures like a hash table. (Overrides ValueTypeGetHashCode.)
	GetType	Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object.)
	Multiply(Double, Physical)	Multiply a double and a Physical object.
	Multiply(Physical, Physical)	Multiply two Physical objects.
	Multiply(Physical, Double)	Multiply a Physical object and a double.
	Negate	Negate a Physical object.
	Subtract	Subtract two compatible Physical objects.
	ToString	Returns a String containing the value and units, if any. (Overrides ValueTypeToString.)
	UnitsString	Returns a String containing the units only.

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Operators

	Name	Description
	Addition	Add two compatible Physical objects.
	Division(Double, Physical)	Divide a double by a Physical object.
	Division(Physical, Physical)	Divide two Physical objects.
	Division(Physical, Double)	Divide a Physical object by a double.
	Equality	Returns true if x and y are equal.
	(Physical to Double)	Returns the value of this dimensionless object.
	Inequality	Returns true if x and y are not equal.
	Multiply(Double, Physical)	Multiply a double and a Physical object
	Multiply(Physical, Physical)	Multiply two Physical objects.
	Multiply(Physical, Double)	Multiply a Physical object and a double.
	Subtraction	Subtract two compatible Physical objects.
	UnaryNegation	Negate a Physical object.

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Remarks

The case of the String specifying the name of the physical constant does not matter. The names 'PI', 'Pi', 'pI' and 'pi' are equivalent.

The units of the physical constants are in SI units, (meter-kilogram-second).

The names allowed are as follows:

Name	Description	Value	Reference
AMU	Atomic mass unit	1.6605402E-27 kg	[1]
ATM	Standard atm pressure	1.01325E+5 $\rm {N / m^2}$	E[2]
AU	Astronomical unit	1.496E+11 m	[ ]
Avogadro	Avogadro's number	6.0221367E+23 1/mole	[1]
Boltzman	Boltzman's constant	1.380658E-23 J/K	[1]
C	Speed of light	2.997924580E+8 m/s	E[1]
Catalan	Catalan's constant	0.915965...	E[3]
E	Base of natural logs	2.718...	E[3]
ElectronCharge	Electron change	1.60217733E-19 C	[1]
ElectronMass	Electron mass	9.1093897E-31 kg	[1]
ElectronVolt	Electron volt	1.60217733E-19 J	[1]
Euler	Euler's constant gamma	0.577...	E[3]
Faraday	Faraday constant	9.6485309E+4 C/mole	[1]
FineStructure	Fine structure	7.29735308E-3	[1]
Gamma	Euler's constant	0.577...	E[3]
Gas	Gas constant	8.314510 J/mole/K	[1]
Gravity	Gravitational constant	6.67259E-11 $\rm {Nm^2/{\rm {kg}}^2}$	[1]
Hbar	Planck constant / 2 pi	1.05457266E-34 J*s	[1]
PerfectGasVolume	Std vol ideal gas	2.241383E-2 $\rm {m^3/ {\rm {mole}}}$	[*]
Pi	Pi	3.141...	E[3]
Planck	Planck's constant h	6.6260755E-34 J*s	[1]
ProtonMass	Proton mass	1.6726231E-27 kg	[1]
Rydberg	Rydberg's constant	1.0973731534E+7 /m	[1]
SpeedLight	Speed of light	2.997924580E+8 m/s	E[1]
StandardGravity	Standard g	9.80665 $\rm {m/s^2}$	E[2]
StandardPressure	Standard atm pressure	1.01325E+5 $\rm {N/m^2}$	E[2]
StefanBoltzmann	Stefan-Boltzman	5.67051E-8 $\rm {W/K^4/m^2}$	[1]
WaterTriple	Triple point of water	2.7316E+2 K	E[2]

The reference for constants are indicated by the code in the [] comment above.

[1]	Cohen and Taylor (1986)
[2]	Liepman (1964)
[3]	Precomputed mathematical constants

The constants marked with an E before the [] are exact (to machine precision).

Units strings have the form U1*U2*...*Um/V1/.../Vn, where Ui and Vi are the names of basic units or are the names of basic units raised to a power. Examples are, 'METER*KILOGRAM/SECOND', 'M*KG/S', 'METER', or ' $\rm {M/KG^2}$ '. These strings are case insensitive.

The basic unit names allowed are as follows.

Units of time

day, hour = hr, min = minute, s = sec = second, year

Units of frequency

Hertz = Hz

Units of mass

AMU, g = gram, lb = pound, ounce = oz, slug

Units of distance

Angstrom, AU, ft = feet = foot, in = inch, m = meter = metre, micron, mile, mill, parsec, yard

Units of area

acre

Units of volume

l = liter = litre

Units of force

dyne, N = Newton, poundal

Units of energy

BTU(thermochemical), Erg, J = Joule

Units of work

W = watt

Units of pressure

ATM = atomosphere, bar, Pascal

Units of temperature

degC = Celsius, degF = Fahrenheit, degK = Kelvin

Units of viscosity

poise, stoke

Units of charge

Abcoulomb, C = Coulomb, statcoulomb

Units of current

A = ampere, abampere, statampere

Units of voltage

Abvolt, V = volt

Units of magnetic induction

T = Tesla, Wb = Weber

Other units

1, farad, mole, Gauss, Henry, Maxwell, Ohm

The following metric prefixes may be used with the above units. Note that the one or two letter prefixes may only be used with one letter unit abbreviations.

A = atto = 1.E-18

F = femto = 1.E-15

P = pico = 1.E-12

N = nano = 1.E-9

U = micro = 1.E-6

M = milli = 1.E-3

C = centi = 1.E-2

D = deci = 1.E-1

DK = deca = 1.E+1

K = kilo = 1.E+3

myria = 1.E+4 (no single letter prefix; M means milli)

mega = 1.E+6 (no single letter prefix; M means milli)

G = giga = 1.E+9

T = tera = 1.E+12

Reference

Imsl.Math Namespace

Other Resources

Example